Microplastic pollution in remote freshwater ecosystems has emerged as a critical environmental concern, yet baseline data for Patagonian lakes remains scarce. This study conducted systematic sampling across 14 glacial lakes in southern Chile, analyzing surface water, sediment, and biota samples during austral summer and winter campaigns. Microplastic concentrations ranged from 0.8 to 12.4 particles per liter in surface waters, with polyethylene and polypropylene fragments comprising 67 percent of identified polymers. FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed significant weathering patterns indicative of long-range atmospheric transport rather than local sources. Spatial analysis demonstrated higher concentrations in lakes receiving glacial meltwater, suggesting cryospheric accumulation and release mechanisms. Bioaccumulation assessment in native fish species Galaxias maculatus revealed microplastic ingestion rates correlating with trophic position and feeding behavior.

Medieval stone carvings known as khachkars represent an endangered cultural heritage requiring urgent digital documentation. This project employed close-range photogrammetry and structured light scanning to create high-resolution 3D models of 48 khachkars dating from the 9th to 14th centuries across six Armenian monastic complexes. The methodology achieved sub-millimeter geometric accuracy with average point cloud densities exceeding 2.3 million points per square meter. Comparative analysis between photogrammetric and laser scanning outputs demonstrated equivalent accuracy for intricate relief surfaces while significantly reducing field acquisition time. Machine learning-based classification of ornamental motifs identified previously unrecognized stylistic connections between geographically distant carving workshops. The resulting digital archive provides both a preservation resource and a research tool for art historical analysis of medieval Caucasian sculptural traditions.

Access to reliable electricity remains a fundamental challenge for remote Melanesian communities where grid extension is economically unfeasible. This study presents an optimization framework for hybrid solar-wind-battery systems tailored to the unique climatic and socioeconomic conditions of Papua New Guinea highlands and coastal regions. Using 15 years of meteorological data and load profiling from 24 off-grid villages, we developed a multi-objective optimization model balancing system reliability, cost minimization, and environmental impact. The optimized configurations achieved 97.2 percent supply reliability at levelized costs 40 percent lower than diesel-only alternatives. Sensitivity analysis revealed that battery storage capacity and solar panel tilt angle were the most influential design parameters. Community ownership models incorporating local maintenance training demonstrated superior long-term sustainability outcomes compared to externally managed installations.

Digital exclusion among elderly populations in Pacific Island nations poses significant barriers to accessing essential services increasingly delivered through digital platforms. This mixed-methods study evaluated community-based digital literacy interventions across 12 villages in Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa, involving 186 participants aged 60 and above. The culturally adapted curriculum incorporated storytelling traditions and intergenerational learning pairs, resulting in a 72 percent completion rate compared to 31 percent for standard programs. Post-intervention assessments showed significant improvements in mobile banking navigation, telehealth appointment scheduling, and government portal access. Qualitative analysis highlighted the importance of vernacular language interfaces and family support networks. The findings inform scalable models for bridging the digital divide in geographically dispersed island communities.

Antimicrobial resistance represents a critical global health challenge, yet surveillance data from rural primary healthcare settings remains limited. This cross-sectional study analyzed 4,280 bacterial isolates collected from 67 rural clinics across Slovakia, Hungary, and the Czech Republic over a 36-month period. Resistance profiling revealed concerning rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production in Escherichia coli isolates at 28.4 percent, significantly higher than national urban averages. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prevalence reached 19.7 percent in community-acquired infections. Multivariate analysis identified prior antibiotic exposure and agricultural proximity as independent risk factors. The study establishes a replicable surveillance framework for resource-limited rural settings and proposes targeted stewardship interventions to address the identified resistance patterns.

Rapid urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa has intensified flood vulnerability due to extensive impervious surface expansion and inadequate drainage systems. This research evaluates green infrastructure solutions including bioswales, permeable pavements, and constructed wetlands across three metropolitan districts in Nairobi. Hydrological modeling using SWMM coupled with GIS-based spatial analysis revealed that strategic green infrastructure deployment reduced peak stormwater runoff by 34 to 51 percent depending on rainfall intensity. Cost-benefit analysis demonstrated favorable long-term economic returns compared to conventional grey infrastructure approaches. Community engagement surveys indicated strong public support when interventions incorporated local ecological knowledge. These findings provide evidence-based guidelines for integrating nature-based solutions into urban planning frameworks across rapidly growing African cities.

This study develops adaptive machine learning models to predict crop yield variability across semi-arid agricultural zones. Using satellite-derived vegetation indices, soil moisture data, and historical weather records from 2010 to 2024, we trained ensemble models combining random forests, gradient boosting, and neural networks. The models were validated against actual yield data from 340 smallholder farms in southeastern Bangladesh. Results demonstrate that the adaptive ensemble approach achieved 87.3 percent prediction accuracy, outperforming traditional regression models by 23 percent. Seasonal precipitation timing was identified as the strongest predictor, followed by soil organic carbon content. The framework enables early warning systems for crop failure, supporting proactive intervention strategies for vulnerable farming communities in climate-sensitive regions.

Abstract Early childhood is a critical developmental period during which the foundations of children�s emotional, behavioral, and social development are established. During this period, the limits provided by parents play a decisive role in fostering children�s sense of security, autonomy development, and the emergence of self-regulation skills. However, the concept of limit setting in the literature is predominantly addressed within the contexts of discipline, parenting styles, or problem behaviors, while comprehensive, relational, and culturally sensitive theoretical frameworks remain limited. This study is a narrative review that examines the concept of limit setting in early childhood through its theoretical foundations, developmental functions, maternal and paternal roles, coparenting dynamics, and cultural context. Within the scope of the review, the functions of limit setting in child development are discussed based on attachment theory, psychosocial development perspectives, and self-regulation frameworks, with particular emphasis on the quality, consistency, and relational context of limits. The findings indicate that limit setting should not be conceptualized merely as a practice aimed at controlling children�s behavior; rather, it constitutes a fundamental parenting mechanism that supports secure attachment and facilitates the development of self-control and social adjustment. Furthermore, the review highlights the critical importance of considering maternal and paternal roles together and adopting culturally sensitive approaches to limit setting in promoting healthy development during early childhood. By distinguishing limit setting from discipline-oriented approaches, this review aims to reposition it within a developmental guidance and relationship-based parenting perspective.

La presente investigación constituye un reporte derivado de una revisión sistemática cuyo propósito fue identificar las estrategias de enseñanza utilizadas en instituciones de educación superior para la instrucción de materias de cálculo universitario. Para ello, se realizaron búsquedas en bases de datos y motores académicos reconocidos, como SciELO, Dialnet, Google Académico y diversas revistas indexadas, seleccionando estudios pertinentes sobre metodologías pedagógicas aplicadas al área. Los resultados revelan que las actividades grupales representan una estrategia frecuente, pues fomentan la colaboración y facilitan la resolución conjunta de problemas. Asimismo, el empleo de cuestionarios e instrumentos estandarizados contribuye a evaluar el dominio conceptual y ofrecer retroalimentación formativa. También se destaca la integración de recursos tecnológicos, como plataformas digitales y software interactivo, útiles para visualizar conceptos abstractos y dinamizar el aprendizaje. Finalmente, los métodos participativos fortalecen el involucramiento activo del estudiante. En conjunto, estas estrategias generan efectos positivos comprobados en el aprendizaje del cálculo universitario.

Bolivia sigue en sus políticas la línea del pluralismo e inclusión, está inscrita a organismos internacionales como la ONUM o la OEA, nacionalmente, tanto su constitución y la ley 070 de educación la estipulan con énfasis en la inclusión cultural y de género, las universidades privadas están regidas por esta constitución y el Modelo Educativo de las universidades autónomas también estipula en sus principios, lineamientos inclusivos. En todos estos documentos se encuentran políticas generales, de tendencia, más no se encuentran lineamientos específicos para la inclusión de diversidades particulares como el autismo. Ante este contexto se investigó como es vivenciada la problemática de inclusión en grado desde la experiencia de sujetos autistas en las universidades de Sucre-Bolivia, atreves de entrevistas a profundidad con 8 sujetos autistas y 4 madres de algunos de ellos, se procesó la información mediante análisis de contenido cualitativo. Los resultados muestran una sobrecarga de los esfuerzos inclusivos de los hijos en las madres, una predisposición de la familia a fomentar en sus hijos el estudio de carreras que perciben prácticas y remuneradas priorizando su futura autonomía en detrimento de lo vocacional, además, el diagnóstico como un punto importante que permite focalizar esfuerzos y apaciguar la angustia causada por la incertidumbre y la problemática de relacionamiento de los jóvenes como una constante estructural, finalmente a nivel de las experiencias en las instituciones, reportan en general una percepción del autismo, a partir del trato, ligada a la deficiencia y una mayor prestancia de las universidades privadas que la pública a la atención de las peculiaridades educativas de los sujetos autistas.

In daily life, medicinal field has been tremendously growing and in the same way, the intake of medicines also increasing extensively. The intake of medicines varies from person to person based on their ages. Hence, it should be determined very efficiently in which the user relies on the medicines based on their human health conditions. The data mining algorithms holds an important part in fulfilling the process. In this paper, the appropriate medicine has been suggested to the user based on different human health conditions such as blood pressure, cholesterol, potassium ratios and different human body conditions. The classification algorithm such as J48 has been utilized to classify the drugs to suggest the medicine to the users. When compared with different algorithms, the result shows that it has accuracy of 96% and it performs better than other classification algorithms.

As the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) enter the last third of the agenda 2030 journey, there is a need to offer review and critical reflection of the way that the SDG4, Target 4.7. related to the sustainable development in higher education has been explored from academic point of view. The objective of this study is to present academic awareness for scientific research through identification and systematizing emerging research clusters with main research themes, trends and perspectives. This exploratory study follows systematic literature review guided by PRISMA approach and qualitative (thematic) analysis of papers. The thoughtful thematic analysis identified four clusters in this study: Curricula, Competence, Digitalization and Symbiosis of SDG4 and other SDGs, that advances the discourse on sustainable university practices. We concluded that (1) research related to SDG4 Target 4.7 began much later, (2) behind scientific productivity lies scarce knowledge, (3) few countries (universities) report on the progress of higher education towards sustainability, (4) comparative studies between higher education institutions are lacking, and (5) the transformative role of universities is not recognized. Based on science-based solutions, scientific community and policy makers must have collaborative approach, address simultaneously the same concerns with holistic approach, and use proved approaches from quality management: maintaining a balance between value, risk, and cost throughout the value chain, establishing problem solving strategy that includes analytics framework - descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, prescriptive analytics, and flow of quality in conducting the Agenda 2030. The novelty of this paper lies in the first attempt to provide an overview and systematization of the papers that explore the SDG4 in higher education, presenting them in four research clusters. Future research needs to be inclined towards another clusters for research because at least four more clusters remain for research, namely Framework for higher education institutions sustainable, Teaching and Learning, Indicators and Metrics related to SDG4.