This study explores the causes of academic probation and examines the effectiveness of learning support programs in strengthening academic support systems at a Korean university. A qualitative approach was adopted through in-depth interviews with undergraduate students who had experienced academic probation. Data were collected and analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify the underlying factors contributing to academic underachievement and to evaluate the perceived impact of the “Jump-Up” learning support program. The results revealed that the primary causes of academic probation included personal factors such as lack of learning strategies, low self-regulation, and mismatch between major and aptitude, as well as environmental and institutional factors including financial difficulties, parental expectations, and instructional practices misaligned with students’ needs. The Jump-Up program was found to enhance intrinsic learning motivation, improve study habits, and provide both academic and emotional support through mentoring and systematic feedback. These findings suggest that universities should establish integrated and preventive support systems that address cognitive, emotional, and environmental dimensions of learning in order to reduce the recurrence of academic probation and promote sustainable academic growth among students.

Background: We examined cross-regional differences in Grade-4 mathematics learning strategies using the TIMSS 2023 International Database, and tested whether gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and teaching environment condition these differences. We also evaluated construct validity and crossregional measurement invariance to ensure interpretable comparisons. Results: Students in Asia scored higher on the validated strategy construct than students in non-Asia. Gender differences favored girls in both regions, and SES showed positive associations with strategy. Teaching environment interacted with region (marginal effects indicated region-sensitive slopes). All key patterns were robust under the survey design with weights and replicate weights; crossregional invariance supported comparable interpretation of latent means. Conclusions: Findings suggest that explicit strategy instruction and feedback routines may narrow gaps by gender and SES. Invariance evidence supports fair comparisons across regions, while remaining heterogeneity highlights the need for country-specific implementation and classroom design adjustments.

The emergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) has marked a turning point in contemporary cultures, profoundly transforming social, political, economic, and educational dynamics. These technologies have permeated everyday life, reshaping everything from commercial relations to teaching and learning processes, which now respond to digitally mediated pedagogical conceptions. Such transformations have given rise to new educational paradigms, notably Education 4.0, which emphasizes connectivity and personalized learning experiences. However, a gap remains between technological advancement and pedagogical responsiveness, highlighting the ongoing need for more critical and proactive methodological redesigns in higher education. Against this backdrop, the present study offers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the evolution and emerging trends in the teaching of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in higher education, with a particular focus on the integration of educational technologies and pedagogical approaches between 2001 and 2025. The research employs a sequential exploratory-descriptive design, combining bibliometric techniques with qualitative extrapolation. A total of 208 scientific articles indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and specialized education databases were analyzed using systematic search strategies, data integrity verification, and advanced methods such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and principal component analysis (PCA). These were complemented by a content analysis matrix to classify thematic areas, methodological approaches, and pedagogical challenges in EFL instruction. The findings reveal three distinct phases of scientific production: an initial period of low output (2001–2006), moderate growth until 2014, and a significant acceleration from 2015 onward, with peaks in 2020 and 2022. The most prominent thematic areas include teaching methods, e-learning, blended learning, engineering education, and learning systems. High-impact concepts such as blended learning, mobile-assisted language learning (MALL), motivation, critical thinking, and communicative competence reflect a shift toward more holistic, technology-supported language education. Thematic and structural analyses identify research clusters focused on general pedagogy, specialized contexts such as Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), English for Specific Purposes (ESP), and legal English, as well as emerging areas related to academic development in EFL. Increasing attention is also observed toward approaches like flipped classrooms, collaborative learning, and English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI), although these are not yet fully integrated into mainstream university practice. The study confirms a significant growth in EFL research, driven by digital transformation and educational internationalization. While technologies such as e-learning and artificial intelligence have gained prominence, pedagogical innovation continues to lag behind. The integration of approaches like ESP and CLIL presents promising avenues for future innovation, whereas aspects such as learner self-efficacy, motivation, and collaborative skills remain underexplored. Ultimately, the study identifies emerging lines of inquiry in the design of personalized learning environments, the critical use of emerging technologies, and the exploration of digital subjectivities in language education.

The reform of the state apparatus, particularly the transition to a two-tier local government model (provincial and commune levels, eliminating the district level) in Vietnam during the period 2023 - 2025, poses a core scientific problem: How has the Government Office (GO) adapted its advisory and coordinating capacity amid sweeping administrative structural changes and urgent legislative timelines? Based on research methods and document analysis, the article systematizes guiding and management documents from the Government and Prime Minister, the research sets three objectives: (1) To systematize the theoretical basis of the GO's strategic advisory role in administrative decentralization; (2) To assess the GO's strengths and limitations during the 2023-2025 phase; and (3) To propose some strategic solutions to enhance advisory and coordinating capacity during the operational phase of the two-tier model. The novelty of this research lies in providing a comprehensive analysis of the GO's “strategic advisory” and “institutional coordination” capacity, offering scientific arguments for subsequent fiscal decentralization and digital government policies. The analysis shows the GO effectively fulfilled its role in rapid institutional coordination, notably by driving the issuance of the 2025 Law on Local Government Organization. However, limitations persist regarding forecasting capacity and reliance on specialized ministries for analysis. The study proposes 05 recommendations for legislative completion based on devolution principles, strengthening independent research capacity, and strategically applying Digital Government principles.

High intake of simple carbohydrates and the adoption of time-restricted feeding patterns have been identified as modulators of energy metabolism and risk factors for metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of time-restricted feeding and sucrose supplementation on hepatic glycogen, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in adult rats. An experimental study was conducted with 24 male Wistar rats, randomly allocated into four groups: ad libitum diet (AD), time-restricted feeding (RT), ad libitum diet with sucrose (ADS), and time-restricted feeding with sucrose (RTS). After 30 days of intervention, serum biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, enzymatic activity, and hepatic glycogen concentration were assessed. Results showed that restricted feeding reduced total protein and cholesterol but led to decreased HDL-cholesterol and increased LDLcholesterol. Sucrose supplementation elevated triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol. All experimental groups exhibited increased oxidative stress markers, reduced endogenous antioxidant defences, and higher gamma-glutamyl transferase activity. Hepatic glycogen was reduced in the RT and RTS groups, while alkaline phosphatase activity was elevated, suggesting hepatic impairment. In conclusion, both time-restricted feeding and sucrose intake induced dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and hepatic alterations consistent with the metabolic syndrome phenotype. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the metabolic effects of different dietary regimens and their implications for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a gram-positive bacterium that colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts and is a leading cause of neonatal illness and death. This study aimed to assess GBS colonization in pregnant women and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Methods: The research was conducted at the Research Center of Maternal and Child Health Protection in Yerevan, Armenia. The study comprised two components: prospective microbiological research with antibiotic susceptibility testing involving 857 patients and a retrospective study at the neonatal department of Yerevan State Medical University Muracan Hospital involving 2,216 newborns. Results: The study included women aged 19–42 years, with a GBS colonization rate of 16.1% (138 out of 857). The average gestational age at childbirth was 39 1/7 weeks. Among natural births, 67.6% occurred between 38–40 weeks (28.4% at 38 weeks, 21.6% at 39, and 17.6% at 40), while 12.1% occurred after 41 weeks. Since GBS screening is most accurate within 5 weeks of delivery, adjusting the screening in Armenia from 35–37 weeks to 36 0/7–37 6/7 weeks would extend predictive accuracy up to 41 0/7 weeks. Although Penicillin G is the preferred prophylactic, it is unavailable in Armenia; thus, Ampicillin or Ceftriaxone is used. Antibiotic sensitivity tests conducted during the study revealed that (50%) of GBS isolates were sensitive to Ampicillin. Notably, GBS isolates demonstrated (78%) sensitivity to Amoxicillin. Additionally, they exhibited high sensitivity to Ceftriaxone (76%), Cefuroxime (83%), Norfloxacin (68%). (39%) of GBS exhibited intermediate susceptibility to Erythromycin, (27%) to Vancomycin, and (28%) to Ampicillin. (13%) of GBS isolates showed intermediate susceptibility to Cefuroxime, (22%) to Ceftriaxone, (15%) to Norfloxacin, and (7%) to Clindamycin. The majority of GBS isolates demonstrated resistance to Vancomycin (67%), while a considerable number were also highly resistant to Clindamycin (61%) and Erythromycin (41%). Notably, resistance to Erythromycin frequently co-occurred with Clindamycin resistance, though not in all cases. Additionally, (17%) to the analyzed samples showed resistance Norfloxacin and (12%) to Amoxicillin. Conclusion: The high prevalence of GBS colonization in pregnant women demands for screening in women attending an antenatal clinic so that intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis can be offered to all women who are colonized with GBS, thus prevents its transfer to the new-born.

Against the backdrop of an accelerating globalization process, the internationalization of vocational education has become a crucial pathway for enhancing national competitiveness and educational quality. To serve the Belt and Road initiative, Zhejiang Province launched the "Silk Road Institutes" project in 2016, which has become a flagship brand of its educational internationalization. This study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative data analysis with qualitative interviews, to systematically examine the current status of 65 Silk Road Institutes established across 39 countries and regions (including 46 led by higher vocational colleges). From theoretical perspectives of internationalization cycle, institutional isomorphism, triple helix, and cross-cultural adaptation, the paper analyzes their developmental stages (from resource export to ecosystem empowerment), mimetic and normative isomorphic mechanisms, government-university-industry collaboration models, and cultural integration strategies. The research summarizes the distinctive features of the Silk Road Institutes in serving national strategies, cross-regional collaboration, platform building, and embedding within overseas economic and trade zones. It also delves into the multiple challenges they face, including international geopolitical risks, sustainability of cooperation, structural misalignment between industry and education, and institutional barriers. Finally, the paper proposes strategies for promoting the high-quality development of Silk Road Institutes across five dimensions: constructing a risk prevention and control system, innovating collaborative mechanisms, deepening industry-education integration, overcoming institutional obstacles, and strengthening digital enablement. This aims to provide theoretical reference and practical models for the internationalization of China's vocational education.

Separation of speech signal in degenerate mixtures is a challenging task for the engineers in the field of speech processing. The mixing and unmixing estimation technique is used commonly in the blind source separation (BSS) algorithms, however the limitations in the separating of speech and noises such as echoes and dereverberation from the speech signal. These noises are very much important for all related testing and training done in auditory system. In this research an enhanced approach has been adopted by joint noise suppression and dereverberation by using the separation and prediction matrix which acts as an processing element. Due to the analysis of prediction matrix and separation matrix the results show that this joint noise suppression and dereverberation provides good Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) and Direct to Reverberation Ratio (DRR) as 3 dB and 1.8 dB respectively. By using the proposed method the recognition accuracy improves to 92%. The results shown that the new method achieving better accuracy, separation, noise separation and enhanced accuracy in separated speech signals.

Ultra high performance concretes are a more recent discovery which is still under investigation. These concrete exhibit very high compressive strengths, typically 150 to over 200MPa with a high quality of concrete which is extremely durable against most offensive agencies affecting concrete. This material has gained attention due to its superior mechanical properties with enhanced durability. This study was carried out to study the mix design using ordinary Portland cement, silica fume, fine sand with crushed basalt coarse aggregates along with high range water reducer. Dramix steel fibres were used with high aspect ratio to ensure no segregation occurs and mix remains homogeneous. Dry mixing of the components preceded adding of water and high range water reducers to ensure uniform mixing of constituents. Slightly higher dosage of high range water reducers were used to ensure uniformity of the mix. Heat based along with normal water curing regimes were followed. Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) specimen were compared with Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) specimen without steel fibers. Mechanical properties and durability of two such mixes designed for 150 MPa and 200MPa ultra high performance concretes were tested. UHPFRC can be produced with locally available materials, with improved mechanical and durability as compared to UHPC. It is observed that compressive strength increases by 30% for 150MPa UHPFRC with 2% steel fiber and almost 35% for 200MPa UHPFRC with 3% steel fibers. Flexural strength of UHPFRC varied from 19 to 20% of the ultimate strength as compared to 8 to 9% for UHPC. Poison ratio of all the specimen was observed to be similar. Tensile strength of UHPFRC specimen increased by 35 to 40% as compared with specimen for UHPC with the addition of steel fibers. The failure of UHPC specimen without steel fiber was seen to sudden and brittle with very small failure deflections while failure of UHPFRC with steel fiber involves a ductile failure with large deflections on failure. Modulus of elasticity of UHPFRC specimen was seen to improve by almost 37% with 3% addition of steel fiber in UHPC while the improvement in the modulus of elasticity is almost 32% with addition of 2% steel fibers. Strains reduced with increase in percentage of steel fibers. Introduction of steel fibers in UHPC reduced strains by almost 60% for a 3% addition of fibers. A reduction of almost 20% to 24% was observed in the water absorption capacity while permeability to chloride ion tests indicated negligible transportation of chloride ion through the UHPFRC. UHPFRC is found to be an extremely durable material with highly improved mechanical properties when 2 to 3% fibers are added to UHPC. Such concretes are highly suited for use in offshore structures, bridges and their rehabilitation, blast and impact proof structures, environmental and retaining structures and other structures requiring high performance and durability.

The present study used five different instruments to test 121 male judokas from the following countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. All of them have been members of senior national teams of the respective countries; they have been active in competitive tournaments for the past 4 years, won medals at national level judo championships, and majority of them were medalists, in the junior and senior category, at European and World championships and cups, and at the Youth Olympic Games. The following variables were measured: enjoyment in judo, judokas’ goal orientations, judokas’ emotional intelligence, their self-regulation, and motivation. All five instruments were subjected to factorization, after which the total number of variables was reduced to 15. Some instruments were recorded to have only 1, whereas the others had 6 factors. The abovementioned 15 variables were subjected to exploratory factor analysis in order to reduce the number of factors to a minimum. The two ensuing motivation variables (priority-wise) were recorded to load the first factor, which was labeled judo as personal characteristic. Next, determinants that failed to meet the regression criteria set out by Alan Bryman and Duncan Cramer were eliminated, which resulted in nine predictors remaining. Autonomous self-regulation was the first determinant for both priority motivational variables: personal and social affirmation, and sense of belonging to group. Therefore the most important thing for successful judokas is to remain independent or autonomous – the traits that are part of motivation as the primary determinants of success. Factor reduction and multiple regression enabled the authors to discover primary determinants, and that proved to be rather helpful in the quest for the secret of successful judokas.

Blind techniques play a crucial role in digital signal processing, especially in identification and equalization, in terms of observed information with acceptable precision in noisy environment, mainly this field of sciences has already been one of the most powerful technologies, it had a revolutionary changes in the last century. In this work, we propose and implement a new algorithm based on blind techniques for channel identification and signal equalization. Our algorithm is a mixture between two established algorithms obtained previously, Some numerical experiments are presented to clarify performance of our approach under different channels, it was tested for different cases and for different type of channels: BRAN A et BARAN E. Our results, compared to previously published works, gives better channel estimation and signal equalization

The Integrating library system ILS (Koha) and Digital Library -DL (Dspace) mix problem (ILS-DL) belongs to the class of digital and integrated library system and is considered as one of the most difficult problems integrating them together along with discovering tool (vufind). This project is seeking to find the minimum cost for integrating a library system and digital library together as one system to provide complete solution for library along with integrating best discovery tool (vufind) with both the system and proving the search result from different databases i.e. Koha and Dspace. The problem has many applications in real-life. There is no known exact system for solving this problem in polynomial time and even small instances may require long computation time i.e. each open source can be integrated separately. Therefore, we have to go by integrating different open source for example Koha, Dspace and Vufind for solving the problem, and genetic algorithm is one of the best heuristic algorithms for solving combinatorial optimization problem for combining them together. We seek heuristic solution to the ILS-DL. So, we developed a system to obtain heuristic solution to the problem. Then compare the efficiency of our proposed solution with existing state-of-art available system for the problem by solving some known instances and randomly generated instances of various sizes. Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) is offered as a balancing solution to meet librarians’ objectives without giving up excellence. The endeavour of this research is to confirm not only the most used FOSS in Libraries but also those alternatives which are not as glowing known but with great possible for the community. Computers and computer networks are being used in libraries for almost three to four decades now. Libraries all over the world are in the steady business of providing their patrons growing as well as legacy information in an extraordinary array of content categories or publication types, and in a fast proliferating merge of formats (digital as well as print). In the modern practical library setting there is a remarkable saturation of digital information during a diversity of publication forms such as books (published as such or issued as supplement), journals, portals, vortals, reports, CBTs, WBTs, cases, databases etc. unquestionably it is necessary to have a robust and flexible digital collections management and appearance software for creating the frequent indexes the libraries need, and for creating and distributing digital collections. Creation of indexes and the protection of digital objects are presently familiarly tied to software that provides those objects. A comparison is done of Vufind discovery tool with another tool Primo.

Today, living or working of people in the vicinity and even under the high-voltage lines is a pernicious environmental hazard to humans. The monkey is the closest to humans in terms of cognitive, gene and anatomical aspects. The male rhesus monkey is used to investigate the effects of fields produced by high-voltage towers. In this study, the function and level of effect in rhesus monkeys' brain have been investigated in cerebellum's cognitive (visual learning and memory), biological and structural perspective. Methodology Two rhesus monkeys (Mucaca Mulatta) have been used, one as a control and the second under a simulated high-voltage electrical field. The monkey under test was subjected to a simulated high-voltage electrical field of 3 kV/m for 4 hours a day for a period of one month. Behavioural tests were performed using a device designed and built for this purpose. Concentration analysis of adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH) and inspection of glucocorticoid receptor gene's (GR) expression were performed by the RT-PCR method. Changes in cerebellar anatomy with MRI images were examined by DICOM Lite Box software. All tests were performed before and after the test period and were compared with the control monkey. Results Cognitive tests showed a significant reduction for the monkey that was exposed to a high-voltage electrical field in the first week after field imposition compared with the same time before. Also, the expression of the GR gene was decreased and the concentration of ACTH hormone in plasma was increased. Surveying the level of cerebral MRI images did not show any difference, but haemorrhage was evident in a part of the cerebellum. Conclusion The results of cognitive, biological and MRI tests in the tested monkey showed a decrease in the visual learning and memory indices.

Artificial intelligence is developing in recent years as one of the emerging technologies that will revolutionize the way in which human beings live. This technology is already being introduced in the field of higher education and many teachers are unaware of its scope and above all, what it consists of. Therefore, the objective of this work has been to analyse the impact that artificial intelligence is having in higher education reflected in the most relevant scientific literature during the last 10 years (2015-2025). For this, it has been followed a bibliometric methodological strategy in the most relevant databases, focusing on 7 variables based on previous studies. Among the results stands out the worldwide interest in the topic and the last years of production, where there is a stagnation in 2017. Finally, after the analysis of the data it is found that although artificial intelligence is a reality, there is still a long way to go to fully establish itself in higher education.