The Companions were the first generation that drew from a pure source that did not resemble the deviant ideas and the philosophy of the Greeks, and their approach remained pure to be followed by all those whom Allah guided. However, the large number of strife and the emergence of deviant groups led to the distortion of some features of this true approach. So, I intend to clarify this approach through the Companions\' narrations of the hadith “Athar” that they wrote and transmitted to us by the righteous predecessors, This paper was confined to Ibn Abi Shaybah\'s manuscript, and it followed the descriptive, inductive and analytical method. This study comes at a time when we need more than ever to return to the correct thinking that the companions of Muhammad - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - were upon, because of the changes in ideas and the misguidance of minds we notice today. Achieving intellectual security (the work of Ibn Abi Shaybah as a model). This study concluded several results, the most important of which are: that the Companions - may God be pleased with them - are the first generation that must be emulated in the approach and behavior, and they are the generation that applied the Qura’n and the Sunnah in word, deed and belief, so they were on the clear path, and their narrations to this approach enlighten all generations of the nation Islam, no matter how long it took them.

In the present investigation, a simple and effective green synthesis of silver nanoparticles uncoiled by using root and stem extracts from Rubia cordifolia (RC) followed by characterization and review of their in-vitro antibacterial activity against some pathogens. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles had evaluated by using diverse physicochemical methods such as UV-Vis, XRD, DLS, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. These AgNPs showed an absorption peak in the range of 230-292 nm. AgNPs embraced a hexagonal or nearly spherical shape and the dimension of 105 and 64.6 nm under SEM analysis and additional substantiated by XRD results. A hexagonal wurtzite shape observed for the synthesized AgNPs, and the particle sizes were in the order of 32.16–32.17 nm as reckoned by Debye-Scherer’s formula. The elemental analysis has performed using EDS authenticated the silver content of 69.06 and 54.48 for RCR-AgNPs and RCS-AgNPs, which testifies the explicit biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Further, the AgNps registered vital antibacterial potency against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aerogenes. The antibiofilm activity of nanoparticle contained using P. auriginosa and E. coli. Besides, the nanoparticle showed low to moderate cytotoxicity activity against human blood cells shows, the use of RC silver nanoparticles. Outcomes assert that biosynthetic AgNPs produce an exceptional potential alternative to present-day chemical compounds.

A multifunctional nanobiocomposite polymer was developed in this study through a cross-linking polymerization of cyclodextrin with phosphorylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes followed by sol-gel for the incorporation of TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles. This developed multifunctional nanobiocomposite polymer was characterized using a range of spectroscopy and electron microscopy techniques. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed the presence of oxygen-containing groups on the developed nanobiocomposite polymer and carbamate linkage (NH(CO)) distinctive peak at around 1645 cm-1, which is evidence that the polymerization reaction was successful. The developed nanobiocomposite polymer has a rough surface. It was also successfully tested as a filter nanosponge to remove organic, inorganic, and microorganisms’ pollutants from wastewater samples. The multifunctional nanobiocomposite polymer was designed to be as cost-effective as possible that is, it can be regenerated and re-used.

Cyberbullying, whose importance has increased with the rapid development of information and communication technologies today, has been the subject of many studies. The scarcity of the theoretical framework for understanding the prevalence and cyberbullying behavior of which has become increasingly important has also become a big problem. Although very few of the theories used for cyberbullying behavior emerged directly for cyberbullying, most of them were created as a result of the integration of traditional bullying theories into cyberbullying. The fact that cyberbullying behavior has a very branched structure makes it difficult to understand and increases the theoretical approaches. Increase of researches on cyberbullying and theories can be understood, as well as the causes of cyberbullying behavior, and intervention and prevention studies can be developed. With this review, the theories used in researches to understand cyberbullying behavior are summarized and supported by research findings and it aims to contribute to the literature on cyberbullying and its theoretical framework.

All cloud application involving Software as a Service (SaaS) delivery model has a Multi-Tenant Database (MTDB) work as a backend. The design of multitenant database is crucial to any SaaS delivery model of cloud. The design of MTDB benefits in terms of cost of implementation like hardware and performance for faster query execution and space saving. The most cost effective MTDB design is shared schema and shared database model, where all tenant’s data are stored in single table. The design suffers from bottleneck if the tenant’s requirements differ in storage. To overcome this limitation of space wastage (occurring due to differing attribute requirements), we proposed a space saving design and still execute transactional queries with better efficiency in this study. The proposed system is evaluated with current state of art design by using XML and JSON. The proposed multitenant design of database is query efficient and space saving. The implementation results show significant improvement in performance for the proposed system in comparison to state-of-the-art extension table approach.

En el artículo se socializan resultados derivados de la indagación teórica sobre el análisis literario y el lenguaje gráfico Se parte de considerar que en el proceso del análisis literario resulta imprescindible el establecimiento de nexos interdisciplinarios, donde se articulen los nuevos enfoques, métodos y resultados de investigación lingüística en la solución de problemas generados en la práctica educativa. A partir de la indagación teórica realizada se comprobó que el análisis de textos literarios partiendo de imágenes gráficas incentiva la lectura del texto a analizar. Lo anterior confirma la necesidad de emprender investigaciones que posibiliten establecer estrategias didácticas para el análisis literario a través de imágenes gráficas en la formación inicial del estudiante universitario.

This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness and efficiency level of government spending in the education sector in the Samarinda City Regional Budget. The analytical method used is the income effectiveness ratio and the expenditure efficiency ratio. The results of this study indicate that the level of effectiveness of government spending in the education sector is, on average, very effective. The level of efficiency is included in the criteria for being quite efficient. The factor affecting the effectiveness of government revenue from the education sector is that the education sector is one of the priority sectors in human development, and meeting its budget is the implementation of government regulations. While the factors that affect the efficiency of government spending in the education sector are weak coordination in planning and budget execution, the process of procuring goods and services that is not on time and not according to specifications, an increase in the amount of the budget in the Amendment to the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget, disproportionate education budget, as well as a covid-19 emergency.

The present study has as its theme the political action developed with children. We start from the assumption that, the child is a social subject that, in turn, has a representativeness in the relationships developed underway in society. In this way, the approved legislation directed to the same, must in fact be understood and appropriate in their daily actions. In this context, we carried out an intervention, with the purpose of developing a political education in a child, through a playful and formative language, based on the child\'s understanding and his rights. For that, we consider it necessary to make some notes regarding the child and his rights, to consequently direct the case study. The study pointed out that the social representation of the child is not currently consolidated, and even with the approval of laws, such as the Statute of the Child and Adolescent (ECA), which ensure their rights, it is necessary to provide visibility to the child in the social sphere.