Medical education is constantly changing, influenced by a variety of factors such as altered societal expectations, changing responsibilities of physicians, evolving healthcare environment, and rapidly changing medical science. The evolution carries with it diverse pedagogical structures and techniques with the primary essence of assisting students to gain, retain and utilize knowledge, develop the ability to criticize, synthesize and analyze issues while developing patterns and perspectives. While it is generally agreed that all students should be driven towards achieving high academic standards and acquire the most crucial knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the future, the point of contention has been, the best way to achieve this purpose. The quest to keep up with the evolving medical sciences and maximize learning outcomes, coupled with advances in technology has resulted in the introduction of different teaching methods with unique characteristics and advantages. Each of the teaching methods possesses unique characteristics to influence learning outcomes. Attempts to establish the superiority of any teaching method have only looked at immediate knowledge acquisition alongside student engagement and satisfaction, without emphasis on the ability of the method to create better physicians or health professionals in the long term. This paper reviews the current and emerging teaching methods in medical education, considering their history, style, and core focus. Comparative analysis between the methods, particularly with the conventional lecture-based teaching approach is also explored to show their influence on learning outcomes. We finally discuss the integration of the methods and highlighted the added advantage in medical education.

During the operation of risky projects, under the supervision of Venture Capitalists (VC), the speculative behavior of Venture Entrepreneurs (EN) includes complete speculation behavior, no speculation behavior at all and partial speculation behavior. Constructing a principal-agent model based on different speculative behaviors of EN. On this basis, EN\'s fairness preference is implanted into the monitoring model, and a comparative analysis of the two situations of whether EN has fair preference is carried out. Conclusions: (1) A supermodel game is formed between VC and EN, which means that the optimal equilibrium value of the incentive coefficient and the monitoring intensity changes with related parameters;(2) The comprehensive monitoring intensity is negatively related to the incentive coefficient. From the perspective of VC, monitoring mechanism and incentive contract are alternative. From the perspective of EN, the monitoring mechanism and the incentive contract are complementary;(3) The optimal comprehensive monitoring intensity is positively correlated with the fairness preference coefficient. EN has a preference for jealousy and fair-ness. The stronger the jealousy is, the more likely it is to produce speculative behavior. VC needs to strengthen monitoring to reduce speculative behavior.

Background and study aim: 14-3-3? protein involved into multiple cellular processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of 14-3-3? protein in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its relationship with tumor angiogenesis. We also used CRC cell lines HCT116 and DLD1 to assess the biological function of 14-3-3?.Material and methods: In this study, 72 colorectal cancer specimens were investigated by immunohistochemical staining for CD105 and 14-3-3?. 14-3-3? was enforced expressed in CRC cell lines, and the effect of 14-3-3? on the expression of p-mTOR and p-GSK-3� was assessed by western blot.Results: The overexpression of 14-3-3? was found in 60 (83.3 %) colorectal cancer tissue samples. 14-3-3? expression in CRC was significantly associated with tumor differentiation (p= 0.001), pT stage (p= 0.001), and advanced pTNM stage (p= 0.002). CD105 overexpression were detected in 51 (70.8 %) CRC specimens. CD105 expression in CRC was significantly associated with tumor differentiation (p= 0.039), pT stage (p= 0.001), advanced pTNM stage (p= 0.000) and nodal status (p= 0.002). In addition, the overexpression of 14-3-3? was positively correlated with the expression of p-GSK-3� and p-mTOR in DLD1 and HCT116 cells.Conclusions: Our study suggested that 14-3-3? overexpression accompanied with angiogenesis, and associated with colorectal carcinoma progression, and the mechanism was probable associated with p-GSK-3� and p-mTOR signal pathway. Thus, targeting 14-3-3? and angiogenesis might be a new therapeutic strategy in colorectal carcinoma.

In recent years, the trend for collaborative consumption has been developing in Indonesia. Collaborative consumption perceived as creating opportunities for entrepreneurs along with consumers by sharing goods, services, and information between individuals. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that influence collaborative consumption by investigating perceived benefit, perceived risk, and technological factor as the antecedents to intention to participate in collaborative consumption. Questionnaires were distributed to 168 respondents consist of online transportation users of GoJek and Grab in the cities of Jakarta, Tangerang, Bekasi, and Depok. Data collected were analyzed using structural equation modelling through outer and inner method. The results indicated that all antecedents proven to have significant influence to the intention to participate in collaborative consumption, with technological factor being the greatest influence. The practical implications for Asian business from this study shows that collaborative companies, must take account user’s enjoyment through payment efficiency and security in the privacy of data.

Mathematics fields are combined with each other to describe phenomena and give us new visualizations about how the universe around us behaves and looks. In this study, we combine classical mechanics and differential geometry fields by describing\nsome fundamental mechanical elements and concepts according to differential geometry tools. The elements that we give their new visualizations are the absement (absition), position, velocity, acceleration, jerk, and snap (jounce) vector fields. Furthermore, the concepts of momentum, force, and yank are considered. The electron moves along the path of a right-handed helix on a cylinder under a constant magnetic field is given as\nan application of our new visualizations.